Nations across the world are taking steps to mitigate the impact of oil price spikes.
These include flexible working arrangements and reducing non-essential journeys.
Countries heavily reliant on Middle Eastern oil are particularly vulnerable to the war's impact.
Governments around the world are urging people to cut back on energy use amid surging oil prices.
Brent crude, the global benchmark, has climbed above $100 a barrel for the first time since 2022 and has held there for nearly two weeks.
The spike follows violent attacks on ships in the Strait of Hormuz since the outbreak of the Iran war and strikes on gas-related infrastructure, raising fears of prolonged disruptions to a route that carries roughly 20% of the world's supply chain.
In response, countries are rolling out measures to conserve fuel and protect domestic supplies. Thailand, for example, has said it will halt fuel exports to maintain its own energy demands, while other countries are asking citizens to pare back their consumption.
Here are some of the steps governments and international organizations are telling people to take.
International Energy Agency
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The International Energy Agency, one of the world's most important energy groups, has issued 10 measures it says governments, businesses, and consumers can take immediately to help ease the impact of disruptions in oil markets.
These include working from home, avoiding air travel, and encouraging the use of electric cooking equipment.
Other steps include reducing highway speed limits by at least six miles per hour, car sharing, cutting air travel, and using public transport more.
The IEA said in the report that "the demand-side measures highlighted in the report cannot match the scale of disrupted supply."
However, it said "they can play a meaningful role in lowering costs for consumers, reducing markets strains and preserving fuels for essential uses until normal flows resume."
Philippines
Philippine Presidential Com. Office/Anadolu via Getty Images
The Philippines has taken several measures in order to bring down energy use, including a four-day workweek for government staff and orders to cut the use of electricity and fuel costs in government agencies.
Government offices were told in early March to implement flexible working arrangements where practical, turn off lights and computers during lunch breaks, and adjust air conditioning unit thermostats to no lower than 75 degrees.
President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. said in a video message that the four-day workweek would be temporary and does not include emergency services.
"With the expected global oil price increase, the government is preparing measures to reduce its impact on Filipino families," the Facebook caption for the video said.
The Philippines is vulnerable to disruptions caused by the conflict, as it "relies on the Middle East for almost 90% of its oil supply," according to ING Think.
On March 18, Marcos said that the country is seeking alternative sources of petroleum products and asked the public not to worry.
"We are trying to find different methods to provide subsidies to give assistance," said Marcos in a press address. "The problem is that oil prices are very volatile. We can't anticipate them. So we are still adjusting right now."
Australia
Australia
Claudio Galdames/Anadolu via Getty Images
While no official rationing has been implemented in Australia, local media in at least two of the country's states reported that some fuel stations had begun limiting the amount of fuel customers can buy.
In comments to the media on Monday, March 9, Australia's energy minister Chris Bowen said that there is no shortage of fuel in Australia, but there are "some supply chain issues which are really being caused by a spike in demand of people seeking to buy extra diesel."
United Kingdom
The AA provides breakdown cover, as well as finance, insurance, leisure and lifestyle services, in the UK.
Ian Forsyth/Getty Images
The president of the AA, the UK's largest motoring organization, advised drivers on Monday, March 9, that although they "should not change their refuelling habits," they could "consider cutting out some non-essential journeys and changing their driving style to conserve fuel."
Edmund King, AA's president, added: "Any time Brent Crude passes 100 dollars per barrel raises concern across the markets, for the haulage industry and drivers.
"There will be gradual increases in pump prices, but this shouldn't happen overnight as fuel has been purchased at previous prices."
Keir Starmer, the UK prime minister, said that the government would support citizens during the oil price spike.
"No matter the headwinds, supporting working people and their families with the cost of living is always top of my mind," he said.
Thailand
Thai Prime Minister Anutin Charnvirakul
Peerapon Boonyakiat/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images
Prime Minister Anutin Charnvirakul urged citizens not to stockpile fuel. His comments came after long lines formed at gas stations across the country last week.
In early March, Anutin and the country's energy minister gave assurances that the diesel price would be capped for at least 15 days. He said that the Commerce Ministry was closely monitoring oil prices to prevent customer exploitation.
"Stockpiling fuel is dangerous. If you store it at home, it could accidentally cause fire — it could lead to all sorts of problems," he said. "There is no need to do that today."
India
Narinder NANU / AFP via Getty Images
The Indian government invoked emergency powers on March 10 to divert liquefied petroleum gas supplies away from industrial users and toward households.
This was an expansion of previous measures. On March 9, India had ordered oil refineries to produce more LPG and said it was prioritizing that supply for households.
India's Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas said in a tweet on Monday that non-domestic supplies from imported LPG were being prioritized for essential sectors, such as hospitals and educational institutions.
Vietnam
Nhac NGUYEN / AFP via Getty Images
Vietnam has urged local businesses to encourage employees to work from home in order to save fuel.
This comes after the country said it would remove tariffs on fuel imports.
Pakistan
Muhammed Semih Ugurlu/Anadolu via Getty Images
Pakistan has ordered measures to conserve fuel and reduce government spending, including implementing a four-day work week, having half of public sector employees work from home, and closing schools for two weeks.
Other measures include a pause on salaries for cabinet ministers and cutting government spending by 20%, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif announced on March 10.
Sri Lanka
tktk
Ishara S. KODIKARA / AFP via Getty Images
Sri Lanka has made Wednesdays a public holiday to conserve fuel as the country braces for potential fuel shortages, according to the BBC.
"We must prepare for the worst, but hope for the best," President Anura Kumara Dissanayake said on March 9.
The shortened workweek will apply to schools and universities, but "essential" services like hospitals will keep the lights on.
Denmark
Kristian Tuxen Ladegaard Berg/NurPhoto via Getty Images
Denmark is urging citizens to reduce fuel.
"What the Danes should please, please, please do is that if there is any energy consumption that you can do without, if it is not strictly necessary to drive the car, then don't do it," Lars Aagaard, Denmark's energy and utilities minister, said during an interview with a local broadcaster on Wednesday.
"Firstly, it can be felt in the private wallet, and secondly, it can help stretch our reserves so that they last longer," Aagaard added.
Bangladesh
Mohammad Ponir Hossain/REUTERS
Bangladesh's university students just got an early start to their Ramadan holidays, thanks to fuel conservation measures.
The country announced by mid-March that main colleges could cancel classes until later in the month. The government has shut down campuses completely to save electricity and has started imposing temporary blackouts for other facilities.
Egypt
KHALED DESOUKI/AFP via Getty Images
Egypt is enforcing some lifestyle changes to conserve gas and oil.
For a country that is used to shopping and dining well into the night, malls, restaurants, and retailers are being asked to shut down at 9 p.m. on weekdays starting on March 28.
The country also announced plans to turn off illuminated billboards and reduce public lighting, and to close government buildings by 6 p.m.
Spain
A woman refueling gasoline at a Plenergy low cost gas station in Madrid.
Marcos del Mazo/LightRocket via Getty Images
Spain's government has approved a $5.8 billion aid package to ease the economic effects of the war in the Middle East, Bloomberg reported.
The plan includes reducing VAT on electricity and gas from 21% to 10%, slashing the special electricity tax from 5% to 0.5%, and suspending the tax on electricity production, Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez said.
A subsidy of 20 cents per liter of fuel is being introduced for transport operators, farmers, and fishmongers, while the government will cover 80% of the electricity-grid charges for energy-intensive industries.
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